Buildings

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

These emissions have not changed significantly through the years, remaining around 2.1 GtCO₂, showing the urgency to establish policies to address these emissions in the construction sector.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

More than three quarters of building floor area are for residential use and residential buildings account for 70 per cent of total energy demand.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

These positive developments in energy efficiency can be seen in the decrease of energy consumption per square meter which decreased by 8.5 per cent since 2015.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Particularly, the contribution of on-site renewable generation to buildings’ energy supply has remained relatively static, hovering at approximately 5 per cent throughout the period from 2015 to 2024, in many cases due to high initial costs and regulatory and policy hurdles.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

However, energy efficiency investment needs to reach an additional USD 3.6 trillion cumulatively by 2030 to align investment levels to what is needed under a 2050 net-zero pathway.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction This is the tenth edition of the GSRBC, which marks the tenth anniversary of the 2015 Paris Agreement.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Moreover, this report includes key upgrades to previous GSRBC editions as part of an ongoing initiative to enhance and increase the monitoring and understanding of the buildings and construction sector worldwide (see Section 13).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Monitoring the buildings and construction sector Since its introduction in the GSRBC’s 2020 edition, the Global Buildings Climate Tracker (GBCT) has monitored progress towards decarbonising the sector through seven key indicators, against a 2050 net-zero emissions pathway.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Using a seven-part composite index, the tracker provides a snapshot of decarbonisation efforts in the buildings sector since 2015, the year the Paris Agreement was adopted.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The seven indicators are normalised to translate them to a common scale by dividing the observations by the total range between their value at the starting point in 2015 and their goal value in 2050.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

All the results are combined to create a reference path that moves from 0 decarbonisation points in 2015 to 100 decarbonisation points in 2050, representing a zero-emissions buildings and construction sector.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The progress observed between 2015 and 2024 Overall, despite the stagnation observed in the decarbonisation of the sector and the policy and regulatory panorama, other efforts and actions taken until now have shown progress in multiple aspects.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The relative decoupling between operational emissions and energy demand has been driven by the growing share of renewables in electricity and heat generation and reduced coal use, alongside modest improvements in buildings’ energy intensity (see all the details in Section 3.2).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Residential construction inflation has declined significantly and is projected to stabilise around 4 per cent through 2025 and 2026.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Looking ahead, a rising construction market is projected to increase from USD 11.39 trillion in 2024 to USD 16.11 trillion by 2030, driven by rising urbanisation, population ageing, digital transformation, and the energy transition (Deloitte 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The buildings and construction sector and the growing housing affordability crisis This expansion of floor area and new construction activities are putting more pressure on raw materials extraction, energy demand and the emissions associated with material supply chains and the operation of buildings (see Sections 3, 4, and 5).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

This expansion of floor area and new construction activities are putting increasing pressure on raw materials extraction, energy demand and the emissions associated with material supply chains and the operation of buildings (see Sections 3, 4, and 5).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

New buildings and their embodied carbon emissions The UNEP circularity platform shows that the buildings and construction sector is responsible for nearly 50 per cent of global material extraction, making it the highest material footprint of any sector globally (UNEP 2026).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

While the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that GHG embodied emissions of steel and cement are around 2.2 GtCO₂e (IPCC 2023).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

This relative decoupling reflects the electrification of space heating, water heating and cooking as well as the declining carbon intensity of electricity and heat, driven by the rapid expansion of renewables and reduced coal use in power generation (see Sections 4 and 5 for further details on end-uses and other energy trends).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The IEA highlights that without faster deployment of high-efficiency electric technologies, stronger clean-power expansion and policies targeting fossil fuel phase-out in buildings, operational emissions are unlikely to fall at the pace required to align with climate targets (see further details on fuel use and electrification trends in Sections 4 and 5).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Buildings’ energy intensity Overall, the energy intensity of buildings has reduced by 8.5 per cent since 2015 – less than half the 19 per cent reduction needed to stay on track to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

In 2024, the energy intensity of buildings remained stable, indicating a stagnation in efficiency gains, though factors such as weather are estimated to have had a small effect (IEA 2025e).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The energy intensity of heating has more than halved in the country in the past years as coal has been replaced with electrical systems (EMBER 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

However, economic development has led to an increased use of household appliances and air conditioners, driving growing energy consumption in residential buildings (Tsinghua University 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Cooling represents 4 per cent of total energy use in buildings in advanced and emerging economies and since 2015 has grown by 70 per cent (UNEP 2025a).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

This increase was driven by rising global temperatures, population growth in tropical regions, increasing household incomes, and the intensification of heat island effects through urbanisation (IEA 2025a).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Growing building floor area vs energy demand Overall, between 2015 and 2024, the building energy demand did not grow as fast as the floor area of the global building stock.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

However, in 2024, progress stalled, with building energy intensity remaining at 129 kWh/m², the expansion of new floor area, population growth and rising demand for energy services such as heating, cooling, appliance use and plug load are potentially offsetting improvements in efficiency gains, particularly in emerging economies experiencing rapid urbanisation and increasing living standards (IEA 2025a).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

A tax of 120 CHF per tonne of carbon on certain fossil fuels has helped to fund efficiency programmes, such as the Building Programme, which provides grants for retrofits and to replace inefficient heating systems (Switzerland, Federal Office for the Environment 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

In addition, the promotion of energy efficient appliances and air conditioners seems to have played a major role in improving the sector’s efficiency (Bank of Japan 2023).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

This shows the continued reliance on fossil fuels, especially in emerging market and developing economies, where natural gas is widely used in cooking and water heating, and policies aim to expand gas distribution networks (IEA 2025g).The demand of traditional fossil fuels for most building energy demand services highlights the challenge of addressing existing networks.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

For example, in 2025, 40 per cent of European residential demand was for gas use, though electricity system access is more widespread and offers an opportunity to support building electrification with infrastructure improvement and adoption of technologies such as heat pumps.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

This expansion of renewables in electricity generation was responsible for most of the increase in the share of renewables in building’s energy supply observed until 2024.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

This represents a 29 percentage points increase compared to 2024 levels.11 Particularly, the stagnation of on-site renewables need to be tackled.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

In Australia, more than 300,000 units with a total capacity of 3 GW were installed in 2024, with 115,000 more installed in the first half of 2025, continuing a sustained trend of high rooftop PV capacity additions in recent years (Australia Clean Energy Council 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

This follows the PM Surya Ghar initiative, which provides households with subsidies and loans to install rooftop solar (India, Press Information Bureau 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The tracking of NDC 3.0 introduces a new analysis approach for measuring the extent of buildings-sector coverage, moving beyond the NDC 2.0 criteria, which focused only on the presence of individual action items related to building sustainability, to also consider whether a comprehensive sectoral plan for buildings and construction is included in the submission.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Towards 2030: getting NDCs to include extensive strategies for the buildings and construction sector The submission of NDCs 3.0 in 2025 was a crucial moment to integrate the buildings sector in national climate efforts halfway through the decade to deliver on the 2030 goals.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Adaptation measures include new urban green spaces to limit urban heat exposure by 2028, and the construction of 4,000 climate-resilient dwellings by 2035.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

In addition, MEPS for air-conditioners are intended to support mitigation efforts and avoid approximately 120 ktCO₂e of GHG emissions by 2035.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The United States experienced the most notable shift away from climate-focused building policy with the passing into law of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which repealed retrofit support and residential clean energy tax credit (United States, Internal Revenue Service 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

At the sub-federal level, the implementation of building electrification targets was delayed in New York State (NY Towns 2025) while Colorado established the Building Decarbonisation Enterprise, which provides financial and technical support for decarbonisation measures to building owners (Colorado Energy Office 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Elsewhere, stronger regulations were used to drive the adoption of efficient appliances while nearly half of energy efficiency policies relied on incentives such as grants, low interest loans and targeted support (IEA 2025a).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

China set out a plan to expand the country’s emissions trading scheme to include steel, cement and aluminium (China 2025a) and announced multi-year plans to boost green building materials and green urban development (China 2024, 2025b).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

As of 2024, only two countries – Canada and the United States – have zero emissions aligned building codes, both of which are voluntary at the state level.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

This indicator reflects the aggregate number of building codes that are ZEB-aligned, using weights to distinguish between the G20 and other countries.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

High-income countries have achieved widespread adoption, while only 20 per cent of African nations and 29 per cent of Asia-Pacific countries have implemented building standards (UNEP 2025a).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Africa should be a priority area for the adoption of building energy codes since a significant share of new construction is projected to take place on the continent by 2050 (World Green Building Council [WorldGBC] 2025b).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Member states must adopt national provisions that include zero-emission standards for public buildings by 2028 and all new buildings by 2030 (Interreg Europe 2024).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Towards 2030: deploying ZEB-aligned building energy codes ZEB-aligned building energy codes are among the most stringent building-code approaches and are necessary for aligning the sector with climate neutrality goals The IEA’s NZE scenario requires all new buildings and 20 per cent of the existing building stock to be zero-carbon ready by 2030 (IEA 2026).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

That requires all G20 members and at least half of the rest of the world to have ZEB-aligned building energy codes by 203019.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

California The 2025 edition of California’s Title 24, effective from January 2026, expands the use of heat pumps in newly constructed residential buildings, prepares buildings to switch to electric systems and strengthens ventilation standards (California Energy Commission 2024).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The residential provisions will apply until 2031, while non-residential standards will be updated every three years (California Energy Commission 2024).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Data from fourteen certification schemes, collected and processed directly from their public websites or through private communications, shows the total number of green building certifications almost tripled globally between 2015 and 2024.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

There are more than 40 major certification schemes worldwide, some of which operate in multiple countries, while others operate exclusively within national markets.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

With more than 40 major certification schemes worldwide, monitoring each scheme is challenging due to limited publicly available data.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Towards 2030: leveraging the potential of green building certification Since 2015, green building certification uptake has grown by 13.6 points, around two thirds of the increase needed by 2024 to stay on a path to net-zero emissions by 2050.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Certification schemes such as LEED and EDGE have also considerably increased their certifications figures in Colombia (Consejo Colombiano de Construcción Sostenible 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

In total, in the last three years, 22 per cent of new homes in Colombia have been registered in sustainable certification systems, consolidating the country as a regional leader (Asociación Colombiana de Informática, Sistemas y Tecnologías Afines 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Budget constraints compelled certain governments to reduce financial incentives for energy-efficient, especially in the European Union, which is focused on energy efficient retrofits of older buildings (IEA 2025f).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Green building councils are developing taxonomies globally, with developments in the ASEAN region and the European Union, to help direct financial flows toward low-carbon building projects (WorldGBC 2025a).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Towards 2030: scaling-up investment in buildings’ energy efficiency While investments in energy efficiency have grown, up to 2024, the total investments accumulated were 1.3 USD trillion below the needed value for the overall 2015-2024 period.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

To put the sector on track to achieve the 2050 goal, cumulative investments need to reach USD 5.9 trillion by 2030 – an increase of USD 3.6 trillion compared to 2024 levels.22 This investment gap reflects a set of structural bottlenecks that continue to constrain capital mobilisation at scale, including fading public support schemes, high upfront costs, and policy uncertainty (IEA 2025f).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The 2025 budget increased Canada Infrastructure Bank’s capitalisation from CAD 35 billion to CAD 45 billion, which would enable it to provide long-term and low-cost finance for energy-efficient buildings (Canada, Department of Finance 2024).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Adaptation and resilience in buildings and construction In 2025, there were multiple efforts to engage with ways to improve climate resilience and adaptation in buildings.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

In its report, the American Institute of Architects (AIA) urged architects to treat escalating climate hazards as the basis for design conditions, use forward-looking risk and vulnerability assessments to set performance goals and select resilience strategies that will cover buildings’ full service life (American Institute of Architects Strategic Council 2025).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Bangladesh, for example, has integrated its buildings and construction roadmap into its NDC 3.0 submission, formalising sectoral targets within its national climate commitments.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Jordan is developing a Climate action roadmap for buildings and construction in line with the GlobalABC methodology and its NDC 3.0.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom078_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Across Europe, the WorldGBC’s BuildingLife initiative (WorldGBC 2026) is supporting national green building councils to implement roadmaps with a focus on accountability, whole-life carbon emissions and policy integration.

Evidence card JSONRendered card