Logistics

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The project leaders were Christina Wiederer and Jean- François Arvis.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Daria Uly bina was instrumental in analyzing the data and authoring the report.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The authors thank Tristan Reed and Erik von Uexkull of the World Bank, peer review ers of the report.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

A team at Com munications Development Incorporated — led by Bruce Ross- Larson and including Joe Ca ponio, Mike Crumplar, Christopher Trott, and Elaine Wilson — designed, edited, and laid out the report.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Efficient logistics reduces trade costs, connects firms to markets, and supports development, greatly increasing the volume and value of trade.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Unlike the original Logistics Performance Index (LPI), which was based on surveys of logistics profes sionals, the LPI 2.0 measure the speed, reliabil ity, and connectivity of supply chains based on observed shipment data.1 The LPI 2.0’s 21 indicators provide deep in sight into the functioning of logistics networks.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Six core indicators (one connectivity indicator and one time indicator for maritime, air, and postal logistics) and 15 supplementary (connec tivity and time) indicators provide insights into maritime competition, transshipment burdens, corridor performance for landlocked developing countries (LLDCs), and postal logistics for e commerce.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The shift to LPI 2.0 expands coverage, en hances comparability, and deepens diagnostic power, enabling policymakers to identify bind ing constraints with far greater precision.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Longer dwell times are due to weak customs automation, inefficient risk man agement, and cumbersome inspection and clearance processes.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

LLDCs must transit coastal countries, often crossing multiple borders and facing complex transit procedures.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Aviation supply chains show especially high dispersion.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Digital visibility systems, such as those im plemented in India and the United States, demonstrate how the value of real- time tracking can mitigate these risks.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The LPI 2.0 enable gov ernments to prioritize interventions with the highest potential impact on supply chain speed, reliability, and resilience, tailored to country circumstances.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Since 2007 the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) initiative has emphasized the importance of efficient supply chains in connecting firms to markets, reducing trade costs, and supporting development.2 Logistics performance supports economic development by enabling trade within and across borders.3 Economics literature, often using the survey- based LPI, has established that logistics performance positively and significantly im pacts the volume and value of bilateral trade, in particular exports.4 Logistics influences the time required for a product to reach its market.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Resilient logistics networks strengthen econo mies’ capacity to withstand natural disasters, conflict, technical failures, or other shocks by securing reliable access to strategic goods (such as pharmaceuticals, food, energy, and technolo gies) that are prohibitively costly to produce do mestically or cannot be produced at all.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

When the LPI was conceived in the mid- 2000s, perception- based data were the only option.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Draw ing on observations of logistics activity collected throughout the year, the LPI 2.0 offer a more comprehensive view of structural performance and reduce the influence of temporary shocks or short- lived events on the results.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The LPI 2.0 measure time and reliability and capture features of logistics services that influence costs.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Connectivity is positively associated with logistics performance across all modes.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

More connected economies can directly reach a larger number of trade partners and tend to face lower trade costs.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

It is also associated with a stronger presence of global logistics operators, which facilitates the diffusion of best practices and can generate positive spillovers for domestic logistics services.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Reference dwell time at port of arrival (LLDC) (days): Import dwell time at the economy of the port of entry that is used most frequently for LLDC- destined cargo, calculated using only containers destined for the coastal economy.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Chapter 1 Introducing the 2025 LPI 2.0 and lower logistics costs.20 Three other mari time indicators gauge how economies could be affected by their dependence on third- country shipping hubs.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Furthermore, export dwell time includes buffer time, voluntary or mandated by the shipping lines (such as 48 hours in advance of ship de parture).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

To capture these challenges, the LPI 2.0 include four indicators specific to LLDCs: dwell time at port of arrival for a container destined for an LLDC, corridor lead time from port exit to destination, dwell time at destination (clearance facility in the LLDC), and reference dwell time at port of ar rival.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Historically, B2C shipments (unlike B2B) benefited from de minimis exemp tions.23 But in recent years a growing number of economies have reconsidered these exemptions and increased scrutiny of B2C shipments, which has been associated with longer delays.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Data Since the launch of the LPI in 2007, the rapid digitization of global supply chains has trans formed the availability and granularity of logis tics data.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The LPI 2.0 expand coverage relative to ear lier editions, including many LLDCs and small island states that were previously excluded due to data gaps.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Developing economies that have emerged as regional or global shipping hubs, such as Malay sia, Morocco, and Sri Lanka, have much higher connectivity than their neighbors with the same accessibility.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Small island states are the most affected, with several averaging more than two transshipments in 2024: São Tomé and Príncipe (2.6), Anguilla (2.4), the Comoros (2.4), and St.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

But the hub and spoke structure of modern long- distance supply chains, where smaller freight loads are consolidated into larger ones at hubs using high- capacity equipment, has proven cost- effective for carriers while providing small and peripheral economies with access to global routes.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Time Several low- and middle- income economies have moderate container import dwell times, similar to those in high- income economies, but many have exceptionally long ones (more than two weeks).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Air cargo operations are more tightly integrated with door- to- door logistics chains, and a share of shipments is cleared by customs before arrival, whereas maritime cargo is usually cleared after arrival.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The economies with the shortest dwell times are typically active air cargo hubs, such as Belgium, the Netherlands, and Singapore.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Poor performance may stem from lim ited automation in customs clearance and port logistics — areas that port community systems can help improve.26 Inadequate risk manage ment and inefficient inspection practices by customs officials can also lengthen dwell times.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Other requirements, including foreign exchange controls and inspections by agencies beyond customs, may further add to delays.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Business- to-b usiness (B2B) postal delivery time is highly dispersed across low- and lower middle- income economies.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

While this pattern is common to other logistics modes, underperform ing economies differ somewhat across modes.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

In some economies, including several in Latin America and the Caribbean, inbound shipment information is not electronically linked to cus toms systems, so clearance relies on paper docu mentation for each shipment, increasing delays.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t04_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

As a result, the time to import a container is exceptionally long and uneven for LLDCs.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The best practice systems are the Transports In ternationaux Routiers system (managed by the International Road Union and used in Central Asia and the Balkans) and the Common Transit procedure (applicable to European Union and European Free Trade Association countries).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Ex cept for the Secretary of Economic Integration of Central America transit system, these systems have not been fully adopted by other regions.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Boxplots show the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles; whiskers show the maximum and minimum, capped at 1.5 times the interquartile range.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Only completed voyages were considered, resulting in 3,806 records in total, of which 168 containers had to be transshipped.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Dis persion is even higher for aviation supply chains.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Unreliable control processes, especially for clearing imported goods, are associated with the complexity of the processes, which often re quire collecting paper documentation and com plying with complicated foreign exchange regu lations.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Variations in shipper productiv ity and behavior can also affect the dispersion of export and import dwell time.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The cost of unre liability can be substantial for firms’ inventories and operational planning, especially in just-in time supply chains and those handling perish able goods.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Technology can help firms better anticipate the next steps in the supply chain.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t05_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Port turnaround time reflects port handling capacity and productiv ity and is more directly shaped by infrastructure capacity and terminal management practices than by trade facilitation measures.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Though dwell time is influenced by infrastructure, it captures primarily the perfor mance of customs and other border procedures and therefore depends largely on trade facilita tion policies.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Strong B2B and business- to- consumer (B2C) postal logistics performance is critical for e-commerce and SME participation.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Logistics operations depend on publicly funded infrastructure, must comply with border controls managed by state agencies, and operate within fiscal, environmental, safety, and compe tition regulations set by governments.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Together with reforms to reduce logistics costs—which are not directly measured by the LPI 2.0—these areas provide a practical policy agenda for governments seeking to improve lo gistics performance.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Area 1: Enhancing connectivity through strategic investment and liberalization A country’s connectivity to global production and distribution networks is determined by its physical geography, the quality and reach of its transport infrastructure, and the network strate gies of international operators.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Policies that open markets to competition and foreign participation can encourage international operators to expand their networks and increase the number of part ner economies served.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Chapter 3 From indicators to policy interventions policies alone may not be sufficient to achieve scale.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

By pursuing these policies, governments can systematically improve their connectivity performance, making their economies more attractive for trade and participation in global value chains.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Area 2: Reducing time and variability through trade facilitation and infrastructure Time-related indicators—such as dwell time in ports and airports, ship turnaround time, and postal delivery time—are more respon sive to policy than connectivity indicators are.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t06_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Even when border proce dures are efficient, poor performance at ports, airports, and inland terminals can create bottle necks.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

By focusing on both the direct and indirect sources of delay, governments can save time, re duce variability, and improve the reliability of supply chains.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Area 3: Strengthening the institutional and regulatory environment for logistics Physical investments and trade facilitation reforms are most effective when supported by a sound institutional and regulatory environ ment.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

PPPs, when well designed and embedded in a clear policy framework, can be powerful tools to improve logistics performance.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

These measures help improve domestic lo gistics performance and enable firms to access more sophisticated services, which in turn sup ports better connectivity and shorter delivery times.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The World Bank’s Global Supply Chain Stress Index measures the magnitude of container shipping disruptions affecting global supply chains.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

The LPI 2.0 do not cover road and rail logistics because no global source of data on those movements exists, but they cover container tracking on transport corridors, including some road transport (since the container tracking indicators indicate the quality of inland logistics services, including to LLDCs).

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

Parcels and express mail are attributed to B2B operations, whereas standard letter- post mail is attributed to B2C operations.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

International e- commerce is interconnected with postal services: Universal Postal Union members are responsible for handling about two thirds of letter- parcel (up to 2 kilograms) deliveries across borders.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains.

Evidence card JSONRendered card

Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.

python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom076_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>

This information is relevant for policymakers and decisionmakers in the private sector seeking to identify reform priorities for trade and logistics infrastructure.

Evidence card JSONRendered card