CLAIMBOUND / SOURCE-PUBLICATION EVIDENCE
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Every card identifies what it proves, what it does not prove, its exact quote, locator, source hash, and local rerun command.
1. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 4
Narrow public claim
This is the warmest year in the 175-year observational record, beating the previous record set only the year before.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 4- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
This is the warmest year in the 175-year observational record, beating the previous record set only the year before.
2. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 4
Narrow public claim
While a single year above 1.5 °C of warming does not indicate that the long-term temperature goals of the Paris Agreement are out of reach, it is a wake-up call that we are increasing the risks to our lives, economies and the planet.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 4- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
While a single year above 1.5 °C of warming does not indicate that the long-term temperature goals of the Paris Agreement are out of reach, it is a wake-up call that we are increasing the risks to our lives, economies and the planet.
3. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 5
Narrow public claim
Real-time data from specific locations show that levels of these three main greenhouse gases continued to increase in 2024.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 5- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Real-time data from specific locations show that levels of these three main greenhouse gases continued to increase in 2024.
4. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 5
Narrow public claim
The rate of growth is typically higher during El Niño conditions due to an overall increase from fire emissions and reduced net terrestrial carbon sinks (see Climate Driver – El Niño–Southern Oscillation).
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 5- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
The rate of growth is typically higher during El Niño conditions due to an overall increase from fire emissions and reduced net terrestrial carbon sinks (see Climate Driver – El Niño–Southern Oscillation).
5. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 7
Narrow public claim
For global mean temperature, each of the past ten years, 2015–2024, were individually the ten warmest years on record.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 7- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
For global mean temperature, each of the past ten years, 2015–2024, were individually the ten warmest years on record.
6. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 8
Narrow public claim
However, temperatures were already at record levels in 2023 (see sidebar on Global mean surface temperature anomalies in 2023/2024).
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 8- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
However, temperatures were already at record levels in 2023 (see sidebar on Global mean surface temperature anomalies in 2023/2024).
7. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 8
Narrow public claim
It is estimated using air temperatures measured at weather stations at a height of around 1.5 to 2 m and sea-surface temperatures measured by ships and ocean buoys.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 8- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
It is estimated using air temperatures measured at weather stations at a height of around 1.5 to 2 m and sea-surface temperatures measured by ships and ocean buoys.
8. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 8
Narrow public claim
Differences are larger earlier in the record, leading to small differences in their assessment of long-term change (around 0.1 °C).
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 8- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Differences are larger earlier in the record, leading to small differences in their assessment of long-term change (around 0.1 °C).
9. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 9
Narrow public claim
The latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report concluded that it was virtually certain that ocean heat content had increased since the 1970s and extremely likely that the main driver was human influence.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 9- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
The latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report concluded that it was virtually certain that ocean heat content had increased since the 1970s and extremely likely that the main driver was human influence.
10. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 10
Narrow public claim
Around 5% of that surplus energy is warming the land, 1% is warming the atmosphere, and 4% is warming and melting the cryosphere.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 10- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t01_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Around 5% of that surplus energy is warming the land, 1% is warming the atmosphere, and 4% is warming and melting the cryosphere.
11. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 10
Narrow public claim
However, the majority, around 90%, goes into warming the ocean.6 The indicator of ocean heat content is therefore a key indicator of climate change.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 10- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
However, the majority, around 90%, goes into warming the ocean.6 The indicator of ocean heat content is therefore a key indicator of climate change.
12. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 11
Narrow public claim
The rate of global mean sea-level rise in the past 10 years (2015–2024) was more than twice the rate of sea-level rise in the first decade of the satellite record (1993–2002).
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 11- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
The rate of global mean sea-level rise in the past 10 years (2015–2024) was more than twice the rate of sea-level rise in the first decade of the satellite record (1993–2002).
13. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 11
Narrow public claim
The year-to-year variability of global mean sea level around the long-term trend is correlated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 11- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
The year-to-year variability of global mean sea level around the long-term trend is correlated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
14. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 12
Narrow public claim
Sea-level rise will bring cascading and compounding impacts13 resulting in losses of coastal ecosystems and ecosystem services, groundwater salinization, flooding and damage to coastal infrastructure.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 12- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Sea-level rise will bring cascading and compounding impacts13 resulting in losses of coastal ecosystems and ecosystem services, groundwater salinization, flooding and damage to coastal infrastructure.
15. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 12
Narrow public claim
These impacts cascade into risks to livelihoods, settlements, health, well-being, food and water security, as well as cultural values in the near- to long-term.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 12- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
These impacts cascade into risks to livelihoods, settlements, health, well-being, food and water security, as well as cultural values in the near- to long-term.
16. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 13
Narrow public claim
The rate of change in pH is consistent with the estimate of the latest IPCC report.14 Regionally, ocean acidification has not proceeded uniformly.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 13- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
The rate of change in pH is consistent with the estimate of the latest IPCC report.14 Regionally, ocean acidification has not proceeded uniformly.
17. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 13
Narrow public claim
The most intense decreases in regional surface pH are observed in the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, the northern tropical Pacific and some regions in the Atlantic Ocean.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 13- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
The most intense decreases in regional surface pH are observed in the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, the northern tropical Pacific and some regions in the Atlantic Ocean.
18. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 14
Narrow public claim
Ocean pH is above 7, so ocean water remains slightly alkaline, but the observed decrease in pH is referred to as ocean acidification.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 14- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Ocean pH is above 7, so ocean water remains slightly alkaline, but the observed decrease in pH is referred to as ocean acidification.
19. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 14
Narrow public claim
Changes in deep-ocean pH are irreversible on centennial to millennial time scales.17 It is well established that ocean acidification is affecting marine life.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 14- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Changes in deep-ocean pH are irreversible on centennial to millennial time scales.17 It is well established that ocean acidification is affecting marine life.
20. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 15
Narrow public claim
Glacier mass loss from 2021/2022 to 2023/2024 represents the most negative three-year glacier mass balance on record, and seven of the ten most negative annual glacier mass balances since 1950 have occurred since 2016.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 15- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t02_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Glacier mass loss from 2021/2022 to 2023/2024 represents the most negative three-year glacier mass balance on record, and seven of the ten most negative annual glacier mass balances since 1950 have occurred since 2016.
21. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 15
Narrow public claim
The last three years (2021/2022–2023/2024) represent the largest negative three-year mass balance on record, and 7 of the 10 largest negative mass balance years since 1950 have occurred since 2016.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 15- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t03_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
The last three years (2021/2022–2023/2024) represent the largest negative three-year mass balance on record, and 7 of the 10 largest negative mass balance years since 1950 have occurred since 2016.
22. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 16
Narrow public claim
Where glaciers end in a lake or the ocean, ice loss can occur through melting where the ice meets the water, and via calving when chunks of the glacier break off.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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- 2026-09-07
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Where glaciers end in a lake or the ocean, ice loss can occur through melting where the ice meets the water, and via calving when chunks of the glacier break off.
23. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 16
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Exposed glacier ice is darker and therefore has a lower albedo than the seasonal snowpack; it is also sensitive to darkening from mineral dust, black carbon, algal activity and fallout from forest fires.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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- 2026-09-07
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Exposed glacier ice is darker and therefore has a lower albedo than the seasonal snowpack; it is also sensitive to darkening from mineral dust, black carbon, algal activity and fallout from forest fires.
24. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 17
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The annual minimum and maximum of Antarctic sea-ice extent were each the second lowest in the observed record (1979 to present).
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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- 2026-09-07
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The annual minimum and maximum of Antarctic sea-ice extent were each the second lowest in the observed record (1979 to present).
25. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 17
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The minimum daily extent of sea-ice in the Arctic in 2024 was 4.28 million km2 on 11 September, which is the seventh lowest extent in the 46-year satellite record.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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- 2026-09-07
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The minimum daily extent of sea-ice in the Arctic in 2024 was 4.28 million km2 on 11 September, which is the seventh lowest extent in the 46-year satellite record.
26. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 17
Narrow public claim
The minimum daily extent of sea-ice in the Antarctic region in 2024 was 1.99 million km2 on February, which tied for the second lowest minimum in the satellite era23 and marked the third consecutive year that minimum Antarctic sea-ice extent dropped below 2 million km2.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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- 2026-09-07
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The minimum daily extent of sea-ice in the Antarctic region in 2024 was 1.99 million km2 on February, which tied for the second lowest minimum in the satellite era23 and marked the third consecutive year that minimum Antarctic sea-ice extent dropped below 2 million km2.
27. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 18
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The observed maximum was 1.55 million km2 below the average Antarctic maximum daily ice extent from 1991–2020 and is the second lowest maximum ice extent on record; only in 2023 was it lower.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 18- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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The observed maximum was 1.55 million km2 below the average Antarctic maximum daily ice extent from 1991–2020 and is the second lowest maximum ice extent on record; only in 2023 was it lower.
28. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 18
Narrow public claim
This is a dynamic quantity, which changes in response to both thermodynamic growth (freezing) and decay (melting) as well as when the ice pack moves with winds and ocean currents.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 18- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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This is a dynamic quantity, which changes in response to both thermodynamic growth (freezing) and decay (melting) as well as when the ice pack moves with winds and ocean currents.
29. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 19
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El Niño conditions were established by mid-2023, became strong by the end of 2023 and dissipated by the second quarter of 2024.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 19- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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El Niño conditions were established by mid-2023, became strong by the end of 2023 and dissipated by the second quarter of 2024.
30. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 19
Narrow public claim
Global temperatures in 2023 and 2024 were higher than the preceding years, which is typical when El Niño conditions occur.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 19- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Global temperatures in 2023 and 2024 were higher than the preceding years, which is typical when El Niño conditions occur.
31. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 20
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The transition from El Niño to neutral conditions during 2024 was also likely associated with a temporary drop in global mean sea level.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 20- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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The transition from El Niño to neutral conditions during 2024 was also likely associated with a temporary drop in global mean sea level.
32. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 20
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El Niño and La Niña have an influence on regional rainfall patterns around the world, which can vary depending on the strength and timing of the event and other concurrent meteorological factors.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 20- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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El Niño and La Niña have an influence on regional rainfall patterns around the world, which can vary depending on the strength and timing of the event and other concurrent meteorological factors.
33. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 21
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Despite El Niño conditions at the start of the year, cooler than average waters were observed along the west coast of South America, with above-average temperatures more evident further west along the equator.
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PDF page 21- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Despite El Niño conditions at the start of the year, cooler than average waters were observed along the west coast of South America, with above-average temperatures more evident further west along the equator.
34. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 22
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North-western Mexico, some islands in the Caribbean and parts of northern North America had unusually low precipitation totals.
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- 2026-09-07
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North-western Mexico, some islands in the Caribbean and parts of northern North America had unusually low precipitation totals.
35. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 22
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The Canadian Archipelago and some locations around the Gulf of Mexico were wetter than usual.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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- 2026-09-07
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The Canadian Archipelago and some locations around the Gulf of Mexico were wetter than usual.
36. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 23
Narrow public claim
The compounded effects of various shocks, such as intensifying conflict, drought and high domestic food prices, drove worsening food crises in 18 countries globally by mid-2024.26 Eight countries had at least 1 million more people facing acute food insecurity in 2024 than during the 2023 annual maximum.
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PDF page 23- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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The compounded effects of various shocks, such as intensifying conflict, drought and high domestic food prices, drove worsening food crises in 18 countries globally by mid-2024.26 Eight countries had at least 1 million more people facing acute food insecurity in 2024 than during the 2023 annual maximum.
37. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 23
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Casualties27 and displacements were reported in Viet Nam, the Philippines, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Thailand and Myanmar.28 Significant wind damage occurred in China and the Philippines.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 23- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Casualties27 and displacements were reported in Viet Nam, the Philippines, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Thailand and Myanmar.28 Significant wind damage occurred in China and the Philippines.
38. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 23
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Over 200 deaths29 were associated with Helene, the most associated with a mainland United States hurricane since Katrina in 2005.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 23- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Over 200 deaths29 were associated with Helene, the most associated with a mainland United States hurricane since Katrina in 2005.
39. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 23
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Between March and May, floods mostly impacted37,38,39 equatorial East Africa, with major loss of life in countries such as Kenya and Tanzania as well as displacements, destruction of croplands and loss of livestock.
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PDF page 23- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Between March and May, floods mostly impacted37,38,39 equatorial East Africa, with major loss of life in countries such as Kenya and Tanzania as well as displacements, destruction of croplands and loss of livestock.
40. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 24
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In contrast, dry conditions in what is usually the wet season in late 2023 and early 2024 resulted in significant drought in north-western Africa and many parts of interior Southern Africa,40 particularly Zimbabwe, Zambia,41 Botswana and Namibia.
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PDF page 24- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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In contrast, dry conditions in what is usually the wet season in late 2023 and early 2024 resulted in significant drought in north-western Africa and many parts of interior Southern Africa,40 particularly Zimbabwe, Zambia,41 Botswana and Namibia.
41. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 24
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It was also a very active wildfire season in Canada,43 where wildfire carbon emissions were the second highest on record (2003–present),44 and the area burned was one of the five highest on record (1983–present).
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PDF page 24- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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It was also a very active wildfire season in Canada,43 where wildfire carbon emissions were the second highest on record (2003–present),44 and the area burned was one of the five highest on record (1983–present).
42. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 24
Narrow public claim
In total, over 300 000 displacements were reported across both countries.45 Drought affected many parts of the Americas; severe drought in Mexico and parts of Central America in 2023 persisted into the early months of 2024,46 while there was also significant drought in much of interior South America.
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PDF page 24- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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In total, over 300 000 displacements were reported across both countries.45 Drought affected many parts of the Americas; severe drought in Mexico and parts of Central America in 2023 persisted into the early months of 2024,46 while there was also significant drought in much of interior South America.
43. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 24
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The Rio Negro at Manaus and the Paraguay River at Asunción both reached record low levels, and the number of wildfires in the Brazilian Amazon was the largest since 2010.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 24- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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The Rio Negro at Manaus and the Paraguay River at Asunción both reached record low levels, and the number of wildfires in the Brazilian Amazon was the largest since 2010.
44. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 25
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The exceedance of the 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C warming levels referred to in the Paris Agreement should therefore be similarly understood as an exceedance over an extended period, although the Agreement itself does not provide a specific definition.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 25- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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The exceedance of the 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C warming levels referred to in the Paris Agreement should therefore be similarly understood as an exceedance over an extended period, although the Agreement itself does not provide a specific definition.
45. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 25
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The year of exceedance of a particular level, such as 1.5 °C, is the midpoint of the 20-year period that first exceeded that level.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 25- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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The year of exceedance of a particular level, such as 1.5 °C, is the midpoint of the 20-year period that first exceeded that level.
46. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 25
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By this definition, 1.5 °C of warming would only be confirmed once the observed temperature has reached that level over a 20-year period, 10 years after the year of exceedance.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 25- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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By this definition, 1.5 °C of warming would only be confirmed once the observed temperature has reached that level over a 20-year period, 10 years after the year of exceedance.
47. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 25
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Even taking a shorter average of 10 years, as done in IPCC AR6 and the First Global Stocktake, would result in a 5-year delay.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 25- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Even taking a shorter average of 10 years, as done in IPCC AR6 and the First Global Stocktake, would result in a 5-year delay.
48. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 26
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To further explore the issue, WMO has convened a team of international experts to define a suitable metric, and propose a method for monitoring it aligned with IPCC approaches to ensure consistent, reliable tracking of long-term global temperature changes.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 26- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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To further explore the issue, WMO has convened a team of international experts to define a suitable metric, and propose a method for monitoring it aligned with IPCC approaches to ensure consistent, reliable tracking of long-term global temperature changes.
49. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 26
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Whether it is at a level below or above 1.5 °C of warming, every additional increment of global warming leads to changes in extremes and risks becoming larger.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 26- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Whether it is at a level below or above 1.5 °C of warming, every additional increment of global warming leads to changes in extremes and risks becoming larger.
50. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 27
Narrow public claim
However, despite the transition from La Niña to El Niño, the specific magnitudes of the anomaly in 2023 (and to a lesser extent that in 2024) drew attention for being at the edge of, or outside of, ranges from individual forecasts.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 27- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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However, despite the transition from La Niña to El Niño, the specific magnitudes of the anomaly in 2023 (and to a lesser extent that in 2024) drew attention for being at the edge of, or outside of, ranges from individual forecasts.
51. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 27
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According to some analyses (for example, that of Rantanen and Laaksonen54), they were at the far end of what has been expected from climate model estimates of trends plus internal variability.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 27- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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According to some analyses (for example, that of Rantanen and Laaksonen54), they were at the far end of what has been expected from climate model estimates of trends plus internal variability.
52. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 27
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Estimates of relative temperature residuals for (b) 2023 and (d) 2024 attributable to ENSO and four distinct forcings that were not (or were only partially) predicted.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 27- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Estimates of relative temperature residuals for (b) 2023 and (d) 2024 attributable to ENSO and four distinct forcings that were not (or were only partially) predicted.
53. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 28
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The impact of GHGs on the residuals in these two years is small (<0.01 °C), as changes from GHGs are represented in the smoothly rising trend line.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 28- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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The impact of GHGs on the residuals in these two years is small (<0.01 °C), as changes from GHGs are represented in the smoothly rising trend line.
54. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 28
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Fuller analyses of these factors and the role of internal variability will require coordinated Earth system model experiments, which are currently underway.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 28- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Fuller analyses of these factors and the role of internal variability will require coordinated Earth system model experiments, which are currently underway.
55. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 29
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Where possible, the most recent WMO climatological standard normal, 1991–2020, is used as the baseline for consistent reporting.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 29- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Where possible, the most recent WMO climatological standard normal, 1991–2020, is used as the baseline for consistent reporting.
56. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 29
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First, for the global mean temperature time series – and only for the global mean series – a reference period of 1850–1900 is used.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 29- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
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First, for the global mean temperature time series – and only for the global mean series – a reference period of 1850–1900 is used.
57. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 29
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Second, greenhouse gas concentrations can be estimated much further back in time than 1850 using gas bubbles trapped in ice cores.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 29- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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Second, greenhouse gas concentrations can be estimated much further back in time than 1850 using gas bubbles trapped in ice cores.
58. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 29
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The year 1750 is used in this report to represent pre-industrial greenhouse gas concentrations in line with IPCC AR6 WG I.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 29- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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The year 1750 is used in this report to represent pre-industrial greenhouse gas concentrations in line with IPCC AR6 WG I.
59. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 30
Narrow public claim
The number quoted in this report for 2024 (1.55 °C ± 0.13 °C) was calculated in this way, with 1.55 °C being the mean of the six estimates and 0.05 °C the standard deviation.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
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PDF page 30- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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The number quoted in this report for 2024 (1.55 °C ± 0.13 °C) was calculated in this way, with 1.55 °C being the mean of the six estimates and 0.05 °C the standard deviation.
60. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 30
Narrow public claim
The uncertainties indicated for the three modern baselines (1981–2010, 1991–2020 and 1961–1990) are the standard deviations of the available estimates multiplied by 1.645 to represent the 90% uncertainty range.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 30- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
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The uncertainties indicated for the three modern baselines (1981–2010, 1991–2020 and 1961–1990) are the standard deviations of the available estimates multiplied by 1.645 to represent the 90% uncertainty range.
61. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 31
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Note that global ocean heat content values are given for the ocean surface area between 60 °S–60 °N and limited to areas deeper than 300 m.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
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It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 31- Captured
- 2026-09-07
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ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
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Note that global ocean heat content values are given for the ocean surface area between 60 °S–60 °N and limited to areas deeper than 300 m.
62. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 31
Narrow public claim
To get a number for the entire surface of the globe (as used, for example, in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) State of the Ocean report) multiply by 0.71.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 31- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
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python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
To get a number for the entire surface of the globe (as used, for example, in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) State of the Ocean report) multiply by 0.71.
63. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 31
Narrow public claim
Ocean heat content changes are given in two sets of units: watts per square metre and zettajoules (ZJ) per year (1 W m–2 corresponds to 11.35 ZJ per year).
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 31- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
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python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Ocean heat content changes are given in two sets of units: watts per square metre and zettajoules (ZJ) per year (1 W m–2 corresponds to 11.35 ZJ per year).
64. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 32
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Global glacier monitoring information is provided by the World Glacier Monitoring Service: World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS), 2024: Fluctuations of Glaciers Database.
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The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 32- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
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Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Global glacier monitoring information is provided by the World Glacier Monitoring Service: World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS), 2024: Fluctuations of Glaciers Database.
65. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 32
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There are modest differences in the absolute extent between datasets, but they agree well on the year-to-year changes and trends.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 32- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
There are modest differences in the absolute extent between datasets, but they agree well on the year-to-year changes and trends.
66. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 34
Narrow public claim
A linear regression of the annual mean relative anomaly on the February/March Niño 3.4 index is used here and suggests an impact of −0.07 °C, 0.01 °C and 0.13 °C for 2022, 2023 and 2024, respectively (95% CI, ±0.13 °C).
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 34- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
A linear regression of the annual mean relative anomaly on the February/March Niño 3.4 index is used here and suggests an impact of −0.07 °C, 0.01 °C and 0.13 °C for 2022, 2023 and 2024, respectively (95% CI, ±0.13 °C).
67. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 34
Narrow public claim
Some results from pre-industrial control climate model simulations56 suggest a transition from triple-dip La Niña to El Niño can produce an anomalous jump of up to 0.25 °C in the year of transition, but it is unclear how to apply this to 2023, since one would need to condition the effect on the ENSO change that was actually experienced.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 34- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
Some results from pre-industrial control climate model simulations56 suggest a transition from triple-dip La Niña to El Niño can produce an anomalous jump of up to 0.25 °C in the year of transition, but it is unclear how to apply this to 2023, since one would need to condition the effect on the ENSO change that was actually experienced.
68. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 38
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IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate; Pörtner, H.-O.; Roberts, D.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 38- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate; Pörtner, H.-O.; Roberts, D.
69. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 39
Narrow public claim
In: IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate; Pörtner, H.-O.; Roberts, D.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 39- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
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python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
In: IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate; Pörtner, H.-O.; Roberts, D.
70. WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368) · PDF page 39
Narrow public claim
In IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate; Pörtner, H.-O.; Roberts, D.
What this card proves
The exact quoted statement occurred in the named official PDF fetched on 2026-09-07, and the complete PDF matched the recorded SHA-256.
What this card does not prove
It does not independently establish the underlying model capability, safety, comparison, or real-world truth. This is a retrospective single-maintainer source-publication audit.
- Primary source
- WMO State of the Global Climate 2024 (WMO-No. 1368)
- Section locator
PDF page 39- Captured
- 2026-09-07
- Source SHA-256
ae106b3df21d0381ad34bda451a406648ef66147111aac6cc91a7387438fb874- Reproduction
- Maintainer run only; no independent operator rerun is registered.
Repeat this exact check locally
Download the PDF to a local file, then run the committed verifier. A changed PDF is reported as drift rather than silently accepted.
python scripts/verify_primary_public_claim_group.py artifacts/cb7k_dom084_t07_primary_claims.json --source-file <local-raw-pdf>Exact source quote
In IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate; Pörtner, H.-O.; Roberts, D.